Vulvoplasty or Episioplasty

Overview

A vulvoplasty or episioplasty is a surgical procedure that helps correct an abnormally developed vulva. In an affected dog, skin and or fat folds hang over the vulva and the vulva becomes recessed. This leads to the accumulation of moisture within the skin folds and the promotion of bacterial growth. 

Indications

• Bacterial overgrowth and infection of the skin folds
• Vaginal inflammation or infection
• Urinary tract infections

Affected dogs experience recurrent infections that require long-term antibiotics. In some cases, this can lead to antibiotic-resistant infections.

Signs

• Excessive licking of the area
• Scooting
• Foul odor
• Increased urinating
• Blood in urine
• Dermatitis around vulva

The surgery

The surgical procedure involves the removal of tissue above the vulva to help pull the vulva into a more normal conformation. The surgery helps to improve ventilation in the area, reduces the build-up of moisture, and prevents bacterial growth.

Surgery preparation

A course of antibiotics will be prescribed to help resolve any infection prior to surgery. Blood work will be recommended to assess your pet’s overall health condition and where possible resolve any abnormalities.

The procedure is performed under general anesthesia under sterile conditions. The excess skin and fat tissue are removed from above the vulva and sutures placed to close the incision. 

Home care

It is important that the pet’s exercise is restricted for the first 10-14 days following surgery. This means no stairs, jumping, or running.

Cold compress for the first 24-48 hours may aid in reducing inflammation and discomfort.

Medications such as antibiotics and pain relief may be prescribed. It is important to follow the labels carefully.

Potential complications

• Wound breakdown
• Wound infection
• Persistent vulval dermatitis

Prognosis

Vulvoplasty generally offers an excellent prognosis following successful surgical management and home care.